Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

Article Title: Pressurized intraperitoneal cold atmospheric plasma as a novel therapeutic strategy for peritoneal metastatic carcinoma

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.08.047

Figure Lengend Snippet: In Vitro Tracer Peritoneal Permeation Assay of PICAP, PIPAC and HIPEC. (A) Schematic diagram of in vitro tracer peritoneal permeation assay for PICAP, PIPAC and HIPEC. (B) Fluorescence images of carbon quantum dots penetrating peritoneal tissue, scale bar: 200 μm. (C) Statistical graphs of fluorescence images of peritoneal tissue in each group. Data are mean ± SEM. (n = 3 per group) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001; Student’ s t -test.

Article Snippet: An in vitro peritoneal cavity model (carbon quantum dot tracers) and murine peritoneal metastasis models (MC38 colon cancer/ID8 ovarian cancer cells) compared permeability and efficacy among PICAP, PIPAC, and HIPEC.

Techniques: In Vitro, Fluorescence

Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

Article Title: Pressurized intraperitoneal cold atmospheric plasma as a novel therapeutic strategy for peritoneal metastatic carcinoma

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.08.047

Figure Lengend Snippet: In Vivo Tracer Peritoneal Permeation Assay of PICAP, PIPAC, and Injection Groups (A-C) Representative laparoscopic images of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) distribution in four abdominal regions (A, B, C, D) of mice treated with PICAP, showing uniform fluorescence across all regions. (D-F) Images of the PIPAC group, demonstrating regional heterogeneity between zones B and C. (G-I) Images of the Injection group, exhibiting marked variability in CQDs distribution across all four regions. Mice were treated for 15 min, and peritoneal regions were evaluated for CQDs uniformity and penetration depth via laparoscopic observation. Peritoneal delivery scores (0–10 points, averaged from three independent researchers) were assigned based on fluorescence intensity and distribution homogeneity. Scale bar: 500 μm. (n = 3 per group) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; Student’s t -test.

Article Snippet: An in vitro peritoneal cavity model (carbon quantum dot tracers) and murine peritoneal metastasis models (MC38 colon cancer/ID8 ovarian cancer cells) compared permeability and efficacy among PICAP, PIPAC, and HIPEC.

Techniques: In Vivo, Injection, Fluorescence

Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

Article Title: Pressurized intraperitoneal cold atmospheric plasma as a novel therapeutic strategy for peritoneal metastatic carcinoma

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.08.047

Figure Lengend Snippet: Time-Dependent Therapeutic Effects of PICAP on Murine Peritoneal Metastasis (A) Small animal imaging of peritoneal metastatic patterns on Day 30 post-treatment. (B) Quantitative analysis of ascites volume, tumor mass, and tumor count in mice treated with PICAP for 0, 5, 10, or 15 min. (C) Kaplan-Meier survival curves showing prolonged survival in the 15-minute PICAP group. (D) In vivo imaging depicting progressive reduction in intraperitoneal tumor burden with extended PICAP exposure. (E) Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) scores demonstrating a time-dependent decline. (F) Gross examination of gastrointestinal tract at necropsy, showing reduced visceral peritoneal tumor implantation without mesenteric contracture or intestinal necrosis. (G, H) Immunofluorescence staining of tumor tissues, highlighting increased apoptosis (TUNEL, Bax, Bcl2, Caspase 3, Caspase 9) in PICAP 15 min-treated groups. Scale bar = 200 μm; data are mean ± SEM. (n = 5 per group) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001; one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test.

Article Snippet: An in vitro peritoneal cavity model (carbon quantum dot tracers) and murine peritoneal metastasis models (MC38 colon cancer/ID8 ovarian cancer cells) compared permeability and efficacy among PICAP, PIPAC, and HIPEC.

Techniques: Imaging, In Vivo Imaging, Tumor Implantation, Immunofluorescence, Staining, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

Article Title: Pressurized intraperitoneal cold atmospheric plasma as a novel therapeutic strategy for peritoneal metastatic carcinoma

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.08.047

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparative Efficacy of PICAP, NC and IPPAS (A) Experimental workflow for comparative therapy evaluation. (B) Quantitative analysis of ascitic fluid volume, total tumor mass, and tumor nodule count. (C) Survival curves showing superior survival in the PICAP group. (D) Small animal imaging of intraperitoneal tumor burden. (E, F) Visceral peritoneal tumor implantation and PCI scores across groups. (G, H) Immunofluorescence staining for apoptotic markers (TUNEL, Bax, Bcl2, Caspase 3, Caspase 9), indicating enhanced apoptosis in PICAP-treated tissues. Mice were treated with equivalent temporal parameters (15 min). Scale bar = 200 μm; data are mean ± SEM. (n = 5 per group) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001 vs. NC and IPPAS groups; two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test.

Article Snippet: An in vitro peritoneal cavity model (carbon quantum dot tracers) and murine peritoneal metastasis models (MC38 colon cancer/ID8 ovarian cancer cells) compared permeability and efficacy among PICAP, PIPAC, and HIPEC.

Techniques: Imaging, Tumor Implantation, Immunofluorescence, Staining, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

Article Title: Pressurized intraperitoneal cold atmospheric plasma as a novel therapeutic strategy for peritoneal metastatic carcinoma

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.08.047

Figure Lengend Snippet: Prophylactic Potential of PICAP Against Surgical Tumor Dissemination (A) Schematic of the murine model simulating intraoperative tumor cell inoculation and PICAP inervention. (B, C) Survival analysis and gross observation of abdominal tumors in PICAP-treated vs. control mice. (D, F) Small animal imaging and visceral peritoneal examination showing reduced tumor burden in the PICAP group. (E) PCI scores demonstrating significant suppression of peritoneal tumor implantation. (G, H) Immunofluorescence staining for apoptotic markers (TUNEL, Bax, Bcl2, Caspase 3, Caspase 9), indicating enhanced apoptosis in PICAP-treated tissues. Mice received intraperitoneal tumor cells followed by 15-minute PICAP or inert gas treatment. Scale bar = 200 μm; data are mean ± SEM. (n = 5 per group) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001 vs. control; Student’s t -test.

Article Snippet: An in vitro peritoneal cavity model (carbon quantum dot tracers) and murine peritoneal metastasis models (MC38 colon cancer/ID8 ovarian cancer cells) compared permeability and efficacy among PICAP, PIPAC, and HIPEC.

Techniques: Control, Imaging, Tumor Implantation, Immunofluorescence, Staining, TUNEL Assay